# Time Functions
## CURRENT\_TIME
`CURRENT_TIME([timezone])`
**Description:**
Return the current time as a time variable.
**Input**
* **`timezone`**(optional, `STRING`): The default timezone is UTC. You can optionally specify a [time zone](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_database_time_zones).
**Return Data Type**
`TIME`
**Example:**
```
CURRENT_TIME()
```
Result: 18:23:04.347264
```
CURRENT_TIME("merica/New_York")
```
Result: 14:23:04.347264
## EXTRACT
`EXTRACT(part FROM time)`
**Description**
Return a part of the given time object.
**Input**
* **`part`**: can be one of the following: MICROSECOND, MILLISECOND, SECOND, MINUTE, or HOUR (See more [details](/acho-studio/data-prep-projects/applying-actions/tools/sql-editor/supported-math-functions-in-formula/time-functions.md#details-about-date_part))
* **`time`**: a `TIME` object or column
**Return Data Type**
`INTEGER`
**Example**
```
EXTRACT(HOUR FROM TIME "15:30:00")
```
Result: 15
## TIME
`TIME(time_expression,[timezone])`
**Description:**
Convert a string, timestamp, or datetime expression to a time variable in a "hh-mm-ss" format.
Input
* **`time_expression`**: a `STRING`, `TIMESTAMP`, or `DATETIME` object or column
* **`timezone`**: (optional, `STRING`) It is only available for `TIMESTAMP` inputs. The default timezone is UTC. You can optionally specify a [time zone.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_database_time_zones)
**Return Data Type**
`TIME`
**Example:**
```
TIME(TIMESTAMP("2020-12-25 15:30:00+08"))
```
Result: 07:30:00
```
TIME(TIMESTAMP("2020-12-25 15:30:00+08"), "America/Los_Angeles")
```
Result: 23:30:00
## TIME\_ADD
`TIME_ADD(time, INTERVAL integer time_part)`
**Description:**
Add a specified time interval to the given time.
**Input**
* **`time_part`**: The unit of the time inteval. It can be one of the following: MICROSECOND, MILLISECOND, SECOND, MINUTE, HOUR (See more [details](/acho-studio/data-prep-projects/applying-actions/tools/sql-editor/supported-math-functions-in-formula/time-functions.md#details-about-date_part))
* **`integer`**: the number of `time_part`
* **`time`**: a `TIME` object or column
**Return Data Type**
`TIME`
**Example:**
```
TIME_ADD(TIME("15:30:00"), INTERVAL 10 MINUTE)
```
Result: 15:40:00
## TIME\_SUB
`TIME_SUB(time, INTERVAL integer time_part)`
**Description:**
Subtract a specified time interval to the given time. T
**Input**
* **`time_part`**: The unit of the time inteval. It can be one of the following: MICROSECOND, MILLISECOND, SECOND, MINUTE, HOUR (See more [details](/acho-studio/data-prep-projects/applying-actions/tools/sql-editor/supported-math-functions-in-formula/time-functions.md#details-about-date_part))
* **`integer`**: the number of `time_part`
* **`time`**: a `TIME` object or column
**Return Data Type**
`TIME`
**Example:**
```
TIME_SUB(TIME("15:30:00"), INTERVAL 10 MINUTE)
```
Result: 15:20:00
## TIME\_DIFF
`TIME_DIFF(time1, time2, time_part)`
**Description:**
Return the difference between two times(time1-time2). The difference is expressed in the unit of `time_part`.
**Input**
* **`time1`**: a `TIME` object or column
* **`time2`**: a `TIME` object or column
* **`time_part`**: The unit of the difference between two times. It can be one of the following: MICROSECOND, MILLISECOND, SECOND, MINUTE, or HOUR (See more [details](/acho-studio/data-prep-projects/applying-actions/tools/sql-editor/supported-math-functions-in-formula/time-functions.md#details-about-date_part))
**Return Data Type**
`INTEGER`
**Example:**
```
TIME_DIFF(TIME("15:30:00"), TIME("14:35:00"), MINUTE)
```
Result: 55
## TIME\_TRUNC
`TIME_TRUNC(time, time_part)`
**Description:**
Truncate a specific time to the start of a given unit of duration and returns a new time. The unit of duration is defined by `time_part`.
**Input**
* **`time`**: a `TIME` object or column
* **`time_part`**: The unit of duration. It can be one of the following MICROSECOND, MILLISECOND, SECOND, MINUTE, HOUR (See more [details](/acho-studio/data-prep-projects/applying-actions/tools/sql-editor/supported-math-functions-in-formula/time-functions.md#details-about-date_part))
**Return Data Type**
`TIME`
**Example:**
```
TIME_TRUNC(TIME("15:30:00"), HOUR)
```
Result: 15:00:00
## FORMAT\_TIME
`FORMAT_TIME(format, time)`
**Description:**
Transform a time variable into a string variable in a specific format. To see supported format elements, visit [here](https://docs.acho.io/).
**Input**
* **`format`**: a `STRING` expression. To see supported format elements, visit [here](/acho-studio/data-prep-projects/applying-actions/tools/sql-editor/supported-math-functions-in-formula/time-functions.md#supported-format-elements).
* **`time`**: a `Time` object or column
**Return Data Type**
`STRING`
**Example:**
```
FORMAT_TIME("%R", TIME "15:30:00")
```
Result: 15:30
## PARSE\_TIME
`PARSE_TIMESTAMP(format, time_expression)`
**Description:**
Convert a string to a time variable according to the specified format.
**Input**
* **`format`**: a `STRING` expression. To see supported format elements, visit [here](/acho-studio/data-prep-projects/applying-actions/tools/sql-editor/supported-math-functions-in-formula/time-functions.md#supported-format-elements).
* **`time_expression`**: a `STRING` object or column
**Return Data Type**
`TIME`
**Example:**
```
PARSE_TIME("%I:%M:%S", "07:30:00")
```
Result: 07:30:00
## Details about date\_part
| Part | Description |
| ----------- | ---------------------------- |
| MICROSECOND | The microsecond of the time. |
| MILLISECOND | The millisecond of the time. |
| SECOND | The second of the time. |
| MINUTE | The minute of the time. |
| HOUR | The hour of the time. |
## Supported Format Elements
| Format element | Description | Example |
| -------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------- |
| %H | Return the hour in the 24-hour clock (00-23). | 15 |
| %I | Return the hour in the 12-hour clock (01-12). | 03 |
| %k | Return the hour (0-23) in the 24-hour clock without leading 0. | 15 |
| %l | Return the hour (1-12) in the 12-hour clock without leading 0 | 3 |
| %M | Return the minute of the time (00-59). | 31 |
| %n | Return a newline character. | |
| %P | Return a lowercase "am" or "pm". | pm |
| %p | Return an uppercase "AM" or "PM". | PM |
| %R | Return the time in a format of "%H:%M". | 15:31 |
| %r | Return the time in the 12-hour clock with AM/PM notation. | 03:31:13 PM |
| %S | Return the second of the time (00-60). | 13 |
| %T | Return the time in a format of %H:%M:%S. | 15:31:13 |
| %t | Return a tab character. | |
| %X | Return the time in a format of "HH:MM:SS" | 15:31:13 |
| %% | Return a single "%" character. | % |
| %E#S | Return the seconds with the given number of digits of fractional precision. The "#" should be replaced by a number. | "%E3S" returns
37.021
|
| %E\*S | Return the seconds with full fractional precision. | 37.021851 |
---
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