# Date Functions ## CURRENT\_DATE `CURRENT_DATE([time_zone])` **Description** Return the current date. **Input** * **`timezone`**(optional, `STRING`): The default timezone is UTC. You can optionally specify a [time zone](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_database_time_zones). **Return Data Type** `DATE` **Example** ``` CURRENT_DATE() ``` Result: 2021-04-26 ``` CURRENT_DATE("America/New_York") ``` Result: 2021-04-25 ## DATE `Date(date_expression_column)` **Description** Convert a string, timestamp, or datetime expression to a date variable in a "yyyy-mm-dd" format. For the timestamp inputs, you can optionally specify a [time zone](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_database_time_zones). **Input** A `STRING`, `DATETIME`, `TIMESTAMP` object or column **Return Data Type** `DATE` **Example** ``` DATE("2016-12-25") ``` Result: 2016-12-25 ``` DATE(DATETIME("2016-12-25 23:59:59")) ``` Result: 2016-12-25 ``` DATE(TIMESTAMP("2016-12-25 05:30:00+07"), "America/Los_Angeles") ``` Result: 2016-12-24 ## EXTRACT `EXTRACT(date_part FROM date)` **Description** Return a part of the date expression as an integer. **Input** * **`date_part`**: DAY, WEEK(begins on Sunday), ISOWEEK(begin on Monday), MONTH, QUARTER, YEAR, or ISOYEAR (See more [details](/acho-studio/data-prep-projects/applying-actions/tools/sql-editor/supported-math-functions-in-formula/date-functions.md#details-about-date_part)) * **`date`**: a `DATE` object or column **Return Data Type** `DATE` **Example** ``` EXTRACT(DAY FROM DATE("2020-12-25")) ``` Result: 25 ## DATE\_ADD `DATE_ADD(date, INTERVAL integer date_part)` **Description** Add a specified time interval to the given date. **Input** * **`date_part`**: DAY, WEEK, MONTH, QUARTER, or YEAR (See more [details](/acho-studio/data-prep-projects/applying-actions/tools/sql-editor/supported-math-functions-in-formula/date-functions.md#details-about-date_part)) * **`integer`**: the number of `date_part` * **`date`**: a `DATE` object or column **Return Data Type** `DATE` **Example** ``` DATE_ADD(DATE("2020-12-25"), INTERVAL 5 DAY) ``` Result: 2020-12-30 ## DATE\_SUB `DATE_SUB(date, INTERVAL integer date_part)` **Description** Add a specified time interval to the given date. **Input** * **`date_part`**: DAY, WEEK, MONTH, QUARTER, or YEAR (See more [details](/acho-studio/data-prep-projects/applying-actions/tools/sql-editor/supported-math-functions-in-formula/date-functions.md#details-about-date_part)) * **`integer`**: the number of `date_part` * **`date`**: a `DATE` object or column **Return Data Type** `DATE` **Example** ``` DATE_SUB(DATE("2020-12-25"), INTERVAL 5 DAY) ``` Result: 2020-12-20 ## DATE\_DIFF `DATE_DIFF(date1, date2, date_part)` **Description** Return the difference between two dates (date1-date2). The difference is expressed in units of date\_part. The date\_part can be . **Input** * **`date1`**: a `DATE` object or column * **`date2`**: a `DATE` object or column * **`date_part`**: can be one of the following: DAY, WEEK(begins on Sunday), ISOWEEK(begins on Monday), MONTH, QUARTER, YEAR, or ISOYEAR (See more [details](/acho-studio/data-prep-projects/applying-actions/tools/sql-editor/supported-math-functions-in-formula/date-functions.md#details-about-date_part)) **Return Data Type** `INTEGER` **Example** ``` DATE_DIFF(DATE("2017-10-15"), DATE("2017-10-13"), DAY) ``` Result: 2 ## DATE\_TRUNC `DATE_TRUNC(date, date_part)` **Description** Truncate a specific date to the start of a given unit of duration and returns a new date. The unit of duration is defined by date\_part. **Input** * **`date`**: a `DATE` object or column * **`date_part`**: can be one of the following: DAY, WEEK, WEEK(\), ISOWEEK, MONTH, QUARTER, YEAR, or ISOYEAR (See more [details](/acho-studio/data-prep-projects/applying-actions/tools/sql-editor/supported-math-functions-in-formula/date-functions.md#details-about-date_part)) **Return Data Type** `DATE` **Example** ``` DATE_TRUNC(DATE( '2021-4-23'), MONTH) ``` Result: 2021-04-01 ``` DATE_TRUNC(DATE('2021-4-23'), WEEK(MONDAY)) ``` Result: 2021-04-19 ## DATE\_FROM\_UNIX\_DATE `DATE_FROM_UNIX_DATE(integer)` **Description** Transform a UNIX date expression (that is, the number of days since 1970-01-01) into a standard date format (yyyy-mm-dd). **Input** an `INTEGER` object or column **Return Data Type** `DATE` **Example** ``` DATE_FROM_UNIX_DATE(18650) ``` Result: 2021-01-23 ## FORMAT\_DATE `FORMAT_DATE(format, date)` **Description** Transform a date variable into a string variable in a specific format. **Input** * **`format`**: a `STRING` expression. To see supported format elements, visit [here](/acho-studio/data-prep-projects/applying-actions/tools/sql-editor/supported-math-functions-in-formula/date-functions.md). * **`date`**: a `DATE` object or column **Return Data Type** `STRING` **Example** ``` FORMAT_DATE("%b-%d-%Y", DATE("2008-12-25")) ``` Result: Dec-25-2008 ## PARSE\_DATE `PARSE_DATE(format, date_expression)` **Description** Convert a string to a date column according to the specified format. Input * **`format`**: a `STRING` expression. To see supported format elements, visit [here](/acho-studio/data-prep-projects/applying-actions/tools/sql-editor/supported-math-functions-in-formula/date-functions.md). * **`date_expression`**: a `STRING` object or column **Return Data Type** `DATE` **Example** ``` PARSE_DATE("%A %b %e %Y", "Thursday Feb 11 2021") ``` Result: 2021-02-11 ## LAST\_DAY `LAST_DAY(date, [date_part])` **Description** Extract the last day of a given unit of duration for a given date. The unit of duration is defined by date\_part. This is commonly used to return the last date of the month. **Input** * **`date_part`**: (optional) can be one of the following: YEAR, QUARTER, MONTH, WEEK, WEEK(), ISOWEEK, or ISOYEAR (See more [details](/acho-studio/data-prep-projects/applying-actions/tools/sql-editor/supported-math-functions-in-formula/date-functions.md#details-about-date_part)) * **`date`**: a `DATE` object or column **Return Data Type** `DATE` **Example** ``` LAST_DAY(DATE('2021-03-25'), MONTH) ``` Result: 2021-03-31 ``` LAST_DAY(DATE('2021-03-25'), WEEK) ``` Result; 2021-03-27 ## UNIX\_DATE `UNIX_DATE(date)` **Description** Return the number of days since 1970-01-01. **Input** a `DATE` object or a `DATE` column **Return Data Type** `INTEGER` **Example** ``` UNIX_DATE(DATE("2020-12-25")) ``` Result: 18621 ## Details about date\_part | Part | Description | | ----------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | DAYOFWEEK | The weekday from 1 to 7 with Sunday as the first day of the week. | | DAY | The day of the month. | | DAYOFYEAR | The day of the year. | | WEEK | The week number of the date from 0 to 53. (Weeks begin with Sunday, and dates prior to the first Sunday of the year are in week 0) | | WEEK(\): | The week number of the date from 0 to 53. (You can optionally specify the first weekday of a week and weeks begin with the weekday that you specified. Dates prior to the first \ of the year are in week 0. Valid values for \ are SUNDAY, MONDAY, TUESDAY, WEDNESDAY, THURSDAY, FRIDAY, and SATURDAY.) | | ISOWEEK | Returns the ISO 8601 week number of the date from 1 to 53 with Monday as the first day of the week. (The first ISOWEEK of each ISO year begins on the Monday before the first Thursday of the Gregorian calendar year.) | | MONTH | Return the month of the date. | | QUARTER | Return values in the range between 1 and 4. | | YEAR | Return the month of the year. | | ISOYEAR | Return the ISO 8601 week-numbering year, which is the Gregorian calendar year containing the Thursday of the week to which date\_expression belongs. | ## Supported Format Elements | Format element | Description | Example | | -------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------- | | %A | Return the full weekday name. | Tuesday | | %a | Return the abbreviated weekday name. | Tue | | %B | Return the full name of the month. | May | | %b or %h | Return the abbreviated name of the month. | May | | %C | Return the century | 20 | | %c | Return the date and time in a format of "%a %b %e %T %Y" | Tue May 4 15:31:13 2021 | | %D | Return the date in a format of "%m/%d/%y". | 05/04/21 | | %d | Return the day of the month. | 04 | | %e | Return the day of month without leading 0. | 4 | | %F | Return the date in a format of "%Y-%m-%d" | 2021-05-04 | | %G | Return the [ISO 8601](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8601) year with the century. The ISO 8601 year begins on the Monday before the first Thursday of the Gregorian calendar year. | 2021 | | %g | Return the ISO 8601 year without the century. The ISO 8601 year begins on the Monday before the first Thursday of the Gregorian calendar year. | 21 | | %H | Return the hour in the 24-hour clock (00-23). | 15 | | %I | Return the hour in the 12-hour clock (01-12). | 03 | | %j | Return the day of the year (001-366). | 124 | | %k | Return the hour (0-23) in the 24-hour clock without leading 0. | 15 | | %l | Return the hour (1-12) in the 12-hour clock without leading 0 | 3 | | %M | Return the minute of the time (00-59). | 31 | | %m | Return the month of the date (01-12). | 05 | | %n | Return a newline character. | | | %P | Return a lowercase "am" or "pm". | pm | | %p | Return an uppercase "AM" or "PM". | PM | | %Q | Return the quarter of the date (1-4). | 2 | | %R | Return the time in a format of "%H:%M". | 15:31 | | %r | Return the time in the 12-hour clock with AM/PM notation. | 03:31:13 PM | | %S | Return the second of the time (00-60). | 13 | | %s | Return the number of seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC. | 1620142273 | | %T | Return the time in a format of %H:%M:%S. | 15:31:13 | | %t | Return a tab character. | | | %U | Return the week number (00-53) of the year. Sunday is the first day of the week | 18 | | %u | Return the weekday of the date as 1-7. Monday is the first day of the week. | 2 | | %V | Return the ISO 8601 week number (01-53) of the year. Monday is the first day of the week. If the week containing January 1 has four or more days in the new year, then it returns "week 1". Otherwise, it returns "week 53" of the previous year, and considers the next week as "week 1". | 18 | | %W | Return the week number(00-53) of the year. Monday is the first day of the week. | 18 | | %w | Return the weekday of the date as 0-6. Sunday is the first day of the week. | 2 | | %X | Return the time in a format of "HH:MM:SS" | 15:31:13 | | %x | Return the date in a format of "MM/DD/YY" | 05/04/21 | | %Y | Return the year with the century | 2021 | | %y | Return the year (00-99) without the century with an optional leading zero. Can be mixed with %C. If %C is not specified, years 00-68 are the 2000s, while years 69-99 are the1900s. | 21 | | %Z | Return the time zone name. | UTC-5 | | %z | Return the offset from the Prime Meridian in the format +HHMM or -HHMM as appropriate, with positive values representing locations east of Greenwich. | \\-0500 | | %% | Return a single "%" character. | % | | %Ez | Return the RFC 3339-compatible numeric time zone (+HH:MM or -HH:MM). | \\-05:00 | | %E#S | Return the seconds with the given number of digits of fractional precision. The "#" should be replaced by a number. |

"%E3S" returns
37.021

| | %E\*S | Return the seconds with full fractional precision. | 37.021851 | | %E4Y | Return the year in 4 digits (0000-9999). | 2021 | --- # Agent Instructions: Querying This Documentation If you need additional information that is not directly available in this page, you can query the documentation dynamically by asking a question. Perform an HTTP GET request on the current page URL with the `ask` query parameter: ``` GET https://docs.acho.io/acho-studio/data-prep-projects/applying-actions/tools/sql-editor/supported-math-functions-in-formula/date-functions.md?ask= ``` The question should be specific, self-contained, and written in natural language. The response will contain a direct answer to the question and relevant excerpts and sources from the documentation. Use this mechanism when the answer is not explicitly present in the current page, you need clarification or additional context, or you want to retrieve related documentation sections.