Timestamp Functions
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP()
Description
Return the current timestamp.
Result Data Type
TIMESTAMP
Example
Result: 2021-04-26 18:23:58.422989 UTC
TIMESTAMP
TIMESTAMP(timestamp_expression, [timezone])
Description
Convert a string, date, or datetime expression to a timestamp object.
Input
timestamp_expression: aSTRING,DATE,DATETIME, TIMESTAMPobject or columntimezone: (optional,STRING) The default timezone is UTC. You can optionally specify a time zone.
Result Data Type
TIMESTAMP
Example
Result: 2020-12-25 15:30:00 UTC
EXTRACT
EXTRACT(date_part FROM timestamp [AT TIME ZONE timezone])
Description
Return a part of the given timestamp.
Input
date_part: can be one of the following: MICROSECOND, MILLISECOND, SECOND, MINUTE, HOUR, DAYOFWEEK, DAY, DAYOFYEAR, WEEK(begins on Sunday), ISOWEEK(begin on Monday), MONTH, QUARTER, YEAR, ISOYEAR, DATE, DATETIME, or TIME (See more details)timestamp: aTIMESTAMPobject or columnAT TIME ZONE timezone: You can optionally specify a time zone to convert the timestamp into different timezones before extracting the part of the timestamp.
Return Data Type
INTEGER, except when:
partisDATE, returns aDATEobject.partisDATETIME, returns aDATETIMEobject.partisTIME, returns aTIMEobject.
Example
Result: 25
Result: 2008-12-25
Result: 24
TIMESTAMP_ADD
TIMESTAMP_ADD(timestamp, INTERVAL integer date_part)
Description
Add a specified time interval to the given timestamp.
Input
timestamp: aTIMESTAMPobject or columninteger: the number ofdate_partdate_part: The unit of the time interval. It can be one of the following: MICROSECOND, MILLISECOND, SECOND, MINUTE, HOUR, or DAY (See more details)
Result Data Type
TIMESTAMP
Example
Result: 2020-12-25 15:40:00 UTC
TIMESTAMP_SUB
TIMESTAMP_SUB(timestamp, INTERVAL integer date_part)
Description
Subtract a specified time interval to the given timestamp.
Input
timestamp: aTIMESTAMPobject or columninteger: the number ofdate_partdate_part: The unit of the time interval. It can be one of the following: MICROSECOND, MILLISECOND, SECOND, MINUTE, HOUR, or DAY (See more details)
Result Data Type
TIMESTAMP
Example
Result: 2020-12-25 15:20:00 UTC
TIMESTAMP_DIFF
TIMESTAMP_DIFF(timestamp1, timestamp2, date_part)
Description
Return the difference between two timestamps (timestamp1-timestamp2). The difference is expressed in units of date_part.
Input
timestamp1: aTIMESTAMPobject or columntimestamp2: aTIMESTAMPobject or columndate_part: The unit of the difference between two timestamps. It can be one of the following: MICROSECOND, MILLISECOND, SECOND, MINUTE, HOUR, DAY, WEEK(begins on Sunday), ISOWEEK(begins on Monday), MONTH, QUARTER, YEAR, or ISOYEAR (See more details)
Result Data Type
TIMESTAMP
Example
Result: -2
TIMESTAMP_TRUNC
TIMESTAMP_TRUNC(timestamp, date_part, [timezone])
Description
Truncate a specific timestamp to the start of a given unit of duration and returns a new timestamp.
Input
timestamp: aTIMESTAMPobject or columndate_part: The unit of duration. It can be one of the following: MICROSECOND, MILLISECOND, SECOND, MINUTE, HOUR, DAY, WEEK, WEEK(), ISOWEEK, MONTH, QUARTER, YEAR or ISOYEAR (See more details)timezone: You can optionally specify a time zone.
Result Data Type
TIMESTAMP
Example
Result: 2020-12-25 00:00:00 UTC
Result: 2020-12-25 08:00:00 UTC
FORMAT_TIMESTAMP
FORMAT_TIMESTAMP(format, timestamp, [timezone])
Description
Transforms a timestamp variable into a string variable in a specific format.
Input
format: an expected format of a timestamp. It is expressed in aSTRING. To see supported format elements, visit here.timestamp: aTIMESTAMPobject or columntimezone: You can optionally specify a time zone.
Result Data Type
STRING
Example
Result: Dec-25-2020
PARSE_TIMESTAMP
PARSE_TIMESTAMP(format, timestamp_expression, [timezone])
Description
Convert a string to a timestamp variable according to the specified format.
Input
format: aSTRINGobject. To see supported format elements, visit here.timestamp_expression: aSTRINGobject or columntimezone: You can optionally specify a time zone.
Result Data Type
TIMESTAMP
Example
Result: 2020-12-25 07:30:00 UTC
TIMESTAMP_SECONDS
TIMESTAMP_SECONDS(integer)
Description
Convert a UNIX timestamp in seconds to a timestamp in a standard format. The UNIX timestamp in seconds is expressed as the number of seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC.
Result Data Type
TIMESTAMP
Example
Result: 2020-09-16 01:16:40 UTC
TIMESTAMP_MILLIS
TIMESTAMP_MILLIS(integer)
Description
Convert a UNIX timestamp in milliseconds to a timestamp in a standard format. The UNIX timestamp in seconds is expressed as the number of milliseconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC.
Result Data Type
TIMESTAMP
Example
Result: 2020-09-16 01:18:43.456 UTC
TIMESTAMP_MICROS
TIMESTAMP_MICROS(integer)
Description
Convert a UNIX timestamp in microseconds to a timestamp in a standard format. The UNIX timestamp in seconds is expressed as the number of microseconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC.
Result Data Type
TIMESTAMP
Example
Result: 2020-09-16 01:18:43.456789 UTC
UNIX_SECONDS
UNIX_SECONDS(timestamp)
Description
Return the number of seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC.
Result Data Type
INTEGER
Example
Result: 1608910200
UNIX_MILLIS
UNIX_MILLIS(timestamp)
Description
Return the number of milliseconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC.
Result Data Type
INTEGER
Example
Result: 1608910200000
UNIX_MICROS
UNIX_MICROS(timestamp)
Description
Return the number of microseconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC.
Result Data Type
INTEGER
Example
Result: 1608910200000000
Details about date_part
Part | Description |
MICROSECOND | The microsecond of the time. |
MILLISECOND | The millisecond of the time. |
SECOND | The second of the time. |
MINUTE | The minute of the time. |
HOUR | The hour of the time. |
DAYOFWEEK | The weekday from 1 to 7 with Sunday as the first day of the week. |
DAY | The day of the month. |
DAYOFYEAR | The day of the year. |
WEEK | The week number of the date from 0 to 53. (Weeks begin with Sunday, and dates prior to the first Sunday of the year are in week 0) |
WEEK(<WEEKDAY>): | The week number of the date from 0 to 53. (You can optionally specify the first weekday of a week and weeks begin with the weekday that you specified. Dates prior to the first <WEEKDAY> of the year are in week 0. Valid values for <WEEKDAY> are SUNDAY, MONDAY, TUESDAY, WEDNESDAY, THURSDAY, FRIDAY, and SATURDAY.) |
ISOWEEK | Returns the ISO 8601 week number of the date from 1 to 53 with Monday as the first day of the week. (The first ISOWEEK of each ISO year begins on the Monday before the first Thursday of the Gregorian calendar year.) |
MONTH | Return the month of the date. |
QUARTER | Return values in the range between 1 and 4. |
YEAR | Return the month of the year. |
ISOYEAR | Return the ISO 8601 week-numbering year, which is the Gregorian calendar year containing the Thursday of the week to which date_expression belongs. |
DATE | Return the |
DATETIME | Return the |
TIME | Return the |
Supported Format Elements
Format element | Description | Example |
%A | Return the full weekday name. | Tuesday |
%a | Return the abbreviated weekday name. | Tue |
%B | Return the full name of the month. | May |
%b or %h | Return the abbreviated name of the month. | May |
%C | Return the century | 20 |
%c | Return the date and time in a format of "%a %b %e %T %Y" | Tue May 4 15:31:13 2021 |
%D | Return the date in a format of "%m/%d/%y". | 05/04/21 |
%d | Return the day of the month. | 04 |
%e | Return the day of month without leading 0. | 4 |
%F | Return the date in a format of "%Y-%m-%d" | 2021-05-04 |
%G | Return the ISO 8601 year with the century. The ISO 8601 year begins on the Monday before the first Thursday of the Gregorian calendar year. | 2021 |
%g | Return the ISO 8601 year without the century. The ISO 8601 year begins on the Monday before the first Thursday of the Gregorian calendar year. | 21 |
%H | Return the hour in the 24-hour clock (00-23). | 15 |
%I | Return the hour in the 12-hour clock (01-12). | 03 |
%j | Return the day of the year (001-366). | 124 |
%k | Return the hour (0-23) in the 24-hour clock without leading 0. | 15 |
%l | Return the hour (1-12) in the 12-hour clock without leading 0 | 3 |
%M | Return the minute of the time (00-59). | 31 |
%m | Return the month of the date (01-12). | 05 |
%n | Return a newline character. | |
%P | Return a lowercase "am" or "pm". | pm |
%p | Return an uppercase "AM" or "PM". | PM |
%Q | Return the quarter of the date (1-4). | 2 |
%R | Return the time in a format of "%H:%M". | 15:31 |
%r | Return the time in the 12-hour clock with AM/PM notation. | 03:31:13 PM |
%S | Return the second of the time (00-60). | 13 |
%T | Return the time in a format of %H:%M:%S. | 15:31:13 |
%t | Return a tab character. | |
%U | Return the week number (00-53) of the year. Sunday is the first day of the week | 18 |
%u | Return the weekday of the date as 1-7. Monday is the first day of the week. | 2 |
%V | Return the ISO 8601 week number (01-53) of the year. Monday is the first day of the week. If the week containing January 1 has four or more days in the new year, then it returns "week 1". Otherwise, it returns "week 53" of the previous year, and considers the next week as "week 1". | 18 |
%W | Return the week number(00-53) of the year. Monday is the first day of the week. | 18 |
%w | Return the weekday of the date as 0-6. Sunday is the first day of the week. | 2 |
%X | Return the time in a format of "HH:MM:SS" | 15:31:13 |
%x | Return the date in a format of "MM/DD/YY" | 05/04/21 |
%Y | Return the year with the century | 2021 |
%y | Return the year (00-99) without the century with an optional leading zero. Can be mixed with %C. If %C is not specified, years 00-68 are the 2000s, while years 69-99 are the 1900s. | 21 |
%% | Return a single "%" character. | % |
%E#S | Return the seconds with the given number of digits of fractional precision. The "#" should be replaced by a number. | "%E3S" returns 37.021 |
%E*S | Return the seconds with full fractional precision. | 37.021851 |
%E4Y | Return the year in 4 digits (0000-9999). | 2021 |
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